Neuroscience has made significant advances in understanding the brain, but the cerebellum remains a mystery. Often associated with motor control, recent research suggests that the cerebellum is involved in much more, including complex behaviors, social interactions, and emotion. Clinical studies have shown cognitive and emotional disabilities in patients with cerebellar damage, contradicting the long-held belief that the cerebellum only controls movement. The cerebellum’s unique neural circuitry and precise wiring pattern enable it to integrate large amounts of sensory data and regulate body movement. New research is uncovering the extensive connections of the cerebellum throughout the brain, shedding light on its role in various functions.
| Signal | Change | 10y horizon | Driving force |
|---|---|---|---|
| “Little brain” cerebellum has more functions than thought | Change in understanding | Greater understanding of cerebellum’s role in cognition | Advancements in neuroscience |
| New techniques are uncovering pathways in the cerebellum | Change in knowledge | More knowledge about the connections of the cerebellum | Advancements in neuroanatomy |
| Cerebellum controls complex social and emotional behavior | Change in understanding | Recognition of the cerebellum’s role in social and emotional behavior | Advancements in research and experiments |
| Cerebellum involved in autism because of sensory input | Change in understanding | Increased understanding of the role of the cerebellum in autism | Research suggesting the connection between the two |