import nltk from nltk.corpus import stopwords from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize from nltk.probability import FreqDist # Tokenize the text text = “As many as 300 million full-time jobs around the world could be automated in some way by the newest wave of artificial intelligence that has spawned platforms like ChatGPT, according to Goldman Sachs economists. They predicted in a report Sunday that 18% of work globally could be computerized, with the effects felt more deeply in advanced economies than emerging markets. That’s partly because white-collar workers are seen to be more at risk than manual laborers. Administrative workers and lawyers are expected to be most affected, the economists said, compared to the “little effect” seen on physically demanding or outdoor occupations, such as construction and repair work. In the United States and Europe, approximately two-thirds of current jobs “are exposed to some degree of AI automation,” and up to a quarter of all work could be done by AI completely, the bank estimates. If generative artificial intelligence “delivers on its promised capabilities, the labor market could face significant disruption,” the economists wrote. The term refers to the technology behind ChatGPT, the chatbot sensation that has taken the world by storm. ChatGPT, which can answer prompts and write essays, has already prompted many businesses to rethink how people should work every day. This month, its developer unveiled the latest version of the software behind the bot, GPT-4. The platform has quickly impressed early users with its ability to simplify coding, rapidly create a website from a simple sketch and pass exams with high marks. Further use of such AI will likely lead to job losses, the Goldman Sachs economists wrote. But they noted that technological innovation that initially displaces workers has historically also created employment growth over the long haul. While workplaces may shift, widespread adoption of AI could ultimately increase labor productivity — and boost global GDP by 7% annually over a 10-year period, according to Goldman Sachs. “Although the impact of AI on the labor market is likely to be significant, most jobs and industries are only partially exposed to automation and are thus more likely to be complemented rather than substituted by AI,” the economists added. “Most workers are employed in occupations that are partially exposed to AI automation and, following AI adoption, will likely apply at least some of their freed-up capacity toward productive activities that increase output.” Of US workers expected to be affected, for instance, 25% to 50% of their workload “can be replaced,” the researchers added. “The combination of significant labor cost savings, new job creation, and a productivity boost for non-displaced workers raises the possibility of a labor productivity boom like those that followed the emergence of earlier general-purpose technologies like the electric motor and personal computer.” — CNN’s Nicole Goodkind contributed to this report.” tokens = word_tokenize(text.lower()) # Remove stopwords stop_words = set(stopwords.words(‘english’)) tokens = [token for token in tokens if token not in stop_words] # Remove punctuation punctuation = [’.’, ‘,’, ‘”’, “’”, ‘?’, ‘!’, ‘:’, ‘;’, ‘(‘, ‘)’, ‘[’, ‘]’, ‘{‘, ‘}’] tokens = [token for token in tokens if token not in punctuation] # Calculate word frequency fdist = FreqDist(tokens) # Get the top 10 most relevant keywords top_keywords = [token for token, count in fdist.most_common(10)] # Print the top 10 keywords KEYWORDS = top_keywords print(KEYWORDS) # Themes THEMES = [‘automation’, ‘artificial intelligence’, ‘labor market’] print(THEMES) # Summary summary = “The report by Goldman Sachs economists suggests that as many as 300 million full-time jobs worldwide could be automated through the use of artificial intelligence. They predict that 18% of work globally could be computerized, with white-collar workers being more at risk than manual laborers. The United States and Europe are particularly exposed to AI automation, with up to a quarter of all work potentially being done by AI completely. While there may be job losses, the widespread adoption of AI could increase labor productivity and boost global GDP by 7% annually over a 10-year period. Overall, the impact of AI on the labor market is expected to be significant, but most jobs and industries will likely be complemented rather than substituted by AI.” print(“Summary:”, summary)
| Signal | Change | 10y horizon | Driving force |
|---|---|---|---|
| Automation of 300 million jobs by AI | Automation and job displacement | Increased use of AI in various industries | Efficiency and cost savings |
| White-collar workers at higher risk than manual laborers | Shift in job vulnerability | Shift towards more physically demanding occupations | Technological advancements |
| Two-thirds of current jobs in the US and Europe exposed to AI automation | Increase in AI automation in job tasks | Higher reliance on AI for job functions | Technological advancements |
| Generative AI technology disrupts labor market | Disruption in labor market | Change in how people work | Technological advancements |
| Widespread adoption of AI could increase labor productivity | Increase in labor productivity | Boost in global GDP | Efficiency and productivity gains |
| Most jobs and industries likely to be complemented by AI | Complementary use of AI in jobs | Shift towards productive activities | Optimization and resource allocation |
| 25-50% of US workers’ workload can be replaced by AI | Replacement of job tasks | Job task automation | Efficiency and cost savings |
| Possibility of labor productivity boom with AI adoption | Potential increase in productivity | Creation of new jobs | Technological advancements |