This article explores the importance of Amazonian dark earth (ADE), a layer of charcoal-black soil found in the Amazon basin. ADE is rich in organic matter and nutrients, making it highly fertile for growing crops. It is believed to have been created by ancient indigenous communities who used intentional farming practices to improve their land. The discovery of ancient settlements and the widespread distribution of ADE across the Amazon highlights the influence and knowledge of these communities. ADE is not only valuable for its historical and archaeological significance but also for its potential in addressing modern challenges such as improving crop yields and mitigating climate change. The use of biochar, a form of black carbon found in ADE, is being explored as a means to lock away carbon and enhance soil quality for sustainable agriculture.
| Signal | Change | 10y horizon | Driving force |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rediscovery of “Amazonian dark earth” | Rediscovery and reevaluation of ancient soil | Increased understanding of the importance of “Amazonian dark earth” for agriculture and climate change mitigation | Interest in ancient agricultural techniques and their potential benefits |
| Evidence of past human settlements | Recognition of ancient indigenous practices | Increased awareness and appreciation of the influence and impact of past human settlements on the Amazon rainforest | Desire to learn from the practices of past indigenous communities |
| Decline in ADE production | Decline in ADE production and use | Decreased use of ADE for agriculture possibly due to the impact of European colonization on indigenous communities and populations | The devastating impact of European colonization on indigenous populations and societies |
| Use of biochar to improve soil | Adoption of ancient methods for soil improvement | Adoption of biochar and ancient agricultural practices for sustainable soil improvement and carbon sequestration | Desire to combat climate change and improve soil fertility through sustainable agricultural practices |
| Migration into tropical forests | Increased migration to tropical regions | Greater focus on sustainable practices in tropical regions and the need for communities to be more self-sufficient and sustainable | Population growth and increased migration to tropical regions |